Dihydromyricetin reduces lipid accumulation in LO2 cells via AMPK/mTOR-mediated lipophagy pathway and inhibits HepG2 cell proliferation in vitro / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the mechanism underlying the hepatoprotective effect of dihydromyricetin (DMY) against lipid accumulation in light of the lipophagy pathway and the inhibitory effect of DMY on HepG2 cell proliferation.@*METHODS@#LO2 cells were cultured in the presence of 10% FBS for 24 h and treated with 100 μg/mL DMY, or exposed to 50% FBS for 24 h followed by treatment with 50, 100, or 200 μg/mL DMY; the cells in recovery group were cultured in 50% FBS for 24 h and then in 10% FBS for another 24 h. Oil red O staining was used to observe the accumulation of lipid droplets in the cells, and the levels of TC, TG, and LDL and activities of AST, ALT and LDH were measured. The expression of LC3 protein was detected using Western blotting. AO staining and transmission electron microscopy were used to determine the numbers of autophagolysosomes and autophagosomes, respectively. The formation of autophagosomes was observed with MDC staining, and the mRNA expression levels of LC3, ATG7, AMPK, mTOR, p62 and Beclin1 were determined with q-PCR. Flow cytometry was performed to analyze the effect of 50, 100, and 200 μg/mL DMY on cell cycle and apoptosis of HepG2 cells; DNA integrity in the treated cells was examined with cell DNA fragmentation test.@*RESULTS@#DMY treatment and pretreatment obviously inhibited lipid accumulation and reduced the levels of TC, TG, LDL and enzyme activities of AST, ALT and LDH in LO2 cells (P < 0.05). In routinely cultured LO2 cells, DMY significantly promoted the formation of autophagosomes and autophagolysosomes and upregulated the expression of LC3 protein. DMY obviously attenuated high FBS-induced inhibition of autophagosome formation in LO2 cells, up- regulated the mRNA levels of LC3, ATG7, Beclin1 and AMPK, and downregulated p62 and mTOR mRNA levels (P < 0.05 or 0.01). In HepG2 cells, DMY caused obvious cell cycle arrest, inhibited cell proliferation, and induced late apoptosis and DNA fragmentation.@*CONCLUSION@#DMY reduces lipid accumulation in LO2 cells by regulating the AMPK/ mTOR-mediated lipophagy pathway and inhibits the proliferation of HepG2 by causing cell cycle arrest and promoting apoptosis.

Clinical value of serum neuroglobin in evaluating hypoglycemic brain injury in neonates / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the clinical value of serum neuroglobin in evaluating hypoglycemic brain injury in neonates.@*METHODS@#A total of 100 neonates with hypoglycemia were enrolled as subjects. According to amplitude-integrated EEG (aEEG) findings and/or clinical manifestations, they were divided into symptomatic hypoglycemic brain injury group (n=22), asymptomatic hypoglycemic brain injury group (n=37) and hypoglycemic non-brain injury group (n=41). The three groups were compared in terms of blood glucose, duration of hypoglycemia, levels of neuroglobin and neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and modified aEEG score. The correlation of neuroglobin with NSE and modified aEEG score was analyzed. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the asymptomatic hypoglycemic brain injury and hypoglycemic non-brain injury groups, the symptomatic hypoglycemic brain injury group had significantly lower blood glucose and modified aEEG score, significantly higher neuroglobin and NSE levels, and a significantly longer duration of hypoglycemia (P<0.05). Compared with the hypoglycemic non-brain injury group, the asymptomatic hypoglycemic brain injury group had significantly lower blood glucose and modified aEEG score, significantly higher neuroglobin and NSE levels, and a significantly longer duration of hypoglycemia (P<0.05). Neuroglobin was positively correlated with NSE and duration of hypoglycemia (r=0.922 and 0.929 respectively; P<0.05) and negatively correlated with blood glucose and modified aEEG score (r=-0.849 and -0.968 respectively; P<0.05). The areas under the ROC curve of neuroglobin, NSE and modified aEEG score were 0.894, 0.890 and 0.941 respectively, and neuroglobin had a sensitivity of 80.8% and a specificity of 95.8% at the optimal cut-off value of 108 mg/L.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Like NSE and modified aEEG score, serum neuroglobin can also be used as a specific indicator for the assessment of brain injury in neonates with hypoglycemia and has a certain value in clinical practice.

Efficacy of Aidi Injection () on overexpression of P-glycoprotein induced by vinorelbine and cisplatin regimen in patients with non-small cell lung cancer / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the efficacy of Aidi Injection () on overexpression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) induced by vinorelbine and cisplatin (NP) regimen in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and study the difference between intravenous administration and targeting intratumor administration of Aidi Injection with thoracoscope.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 150 patients with NSCLC were randomly assigned to the control group, the intravenous group and the intratumor group by the random envelope method, 50 cases in each group. The patients were treated with NP regimen (2 cycles), NP regimen (2 cycles) plus Aidi intravenous injection, or NP regimen (2 cycles) plus Aidi intratumor injection with thoracoscope, respectively for 6 weeks. The clinical effificacy was observed based on Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) rules, the expression of P-gp in the tumor tissue was tested before, 3 and 6 weeks after treatment, the safety was evaluated by monitoring the toxicity in the process of treatment, and the progression-free survival (PFS) was measured.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Fifteen cases dropped out because of the irreconcilable conditions which had no relationship with the treatment, 4 in the control group, 5 in the intravenous group, and 6 in the intratumor group, respectively. Compared with the control group, the response rates (complete remission + partial response) and the disease control rates (complete remission + partial response + stable disease) were significantly higher, the P-gp expressions were significantly decreased after 3 and 6 weeks of treatment, and the Kaplan-Meier survival curves of PFS were significantly longer in the intravenous and intratumor groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and the intratumor group showed better effects than the intravenous group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with the control group, the occurrences of rash, nausea and leukocytopenia were signifificantly decreased in the intravenous and intratumor groups (P<0.05), but without signifificant difference between the intravenous and intratumor groups (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Aidi Injection not only improves the effificacy of NP regime, but also has the function of reducing adverse events and preventing against overexpression of P-gp induced by chemotherapy of NP regimen.</p>

Metabolomics Study on Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients with Different Chinese Medical Syndromes / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the relationship between Chinese medical syndrome types and metabolomics of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 120 NSCLC patients were assigned to asthenia syndrome group and sthenia syndrome group, 60 in each group. Meanwhile, 60 cases of benign pulmonary nodules in physical examinations were recruited as the control group. Tumor tissues or benign pulmonary nodules tissues were obtained by thoracoscope. Changes of their metabolites were observed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Their differences were studied using principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). ROC curve analysis was performed in different metabolic compounds of sthenia and asthenia syndromes groups. The area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to evaluate the sensitivity of diagnosing syndrome types.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the control group, difference existed in 16 compounds. Of them , contents of citric acid, pyruvic acid, alanine, choline phosphate, glycerol phosphate choline, linoleic acid, oleic acid, lactic acid, inositol were more in the two tumors group than in the control group. Difference existed in 10 compounds between the sthenia syndrome group and the asthenia syndrome group. Of them, citric acid, pyruvic acid, alanine, choline phosphate, glycerol phosphate choline, lactic acid, and inositol were more in the asthenia syndrome group than in the sthenia syndrome group. Contents of valine, glucose, and glutamine were more in the sthenia syndrome group than in the asthenia syndrome group. ROC curve analyses of different compounds indicated that AUC of lactic acid and glucose was more than 0.8 (P < 0.01); AUC of inositol, choline phosphate, and glycerol phosphate choline was more than 0.7 (P < 0.01); AUC of valine, citric acid, glutamine, alanine, and pyruvic acid was more than 0.6 (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>There existed certain correlation between CM syndrome types and metabolomics of lung cancer. Lactic acid, glucose, inositol, choline phosphate, glycerol phosphate choline, valine, citric acid, glutamine, alanine, pyruvic acid were sensitive diagnostic compounds, and the first four kinds were most sensitive compounds.</p>

Supervision effect analysis on clinical use of antibacterials in medical institutions of Jinshan District of Shanghai / 上海预防医学

Objective ] To investigate the application and management of antibacterials in hospitals under our administration. [ Methods] All medical institutions under our administration were investigated and supervised for their organizational system in clinical use of antibacterials and for their use of antibacterials in outpatients and inpatients. [ Results ] All hospitals under our administration had improved their medical management organization and related systems, and the proportion of antibacterial usage in outpatients and inpatients had been reduced. [ Conclusion] The clinical usage of antibacterials has been gradually standardized, but there is much to be desired.And supervision and training need to be enhanced in this regard.

Tri-dimensional omics analysis on effect of zhuanggu zhitong capsule against experimental postmenopausal osteoporosis / 中国中药杂志

To propose the new concept of multidimensional omics, and define that the multidimensional omics is a proper method for studying the material base and mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) compounds. Zhuanggu Zhitong capsule was taken for example to study its effect against experimental postmenopausal osteoporosis. From the perspective of chemi-omics, genomics and proteomics of TCM, it systematically interpreted the efficacious materials and mechanisms of Zhuanggu Zhitong capsule in preventing and treating experimental postmenopausal osteoporosis, while taking the lead in designing a three dimensional form to intuitively exhibit the results of the multidimensional omics study. This study provides a new idea and solution for studies on the efficacious materials and mechanisms of TCM compounds.

Research on the relationship between chinese medical syndrome types and Th1/Th2 in bronchioloalveolar carcinoma by thoracoscopic technique / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the relationship between Chinese medical syndrome types of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC) and Th1/Th2.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 60 BAC patients were syndrome typed as qi and yin deficiency syndrome (QYDS) and qi stagnation and phlegm-blood stasis syndrome (QSPSS), 30 cases in each group. Meanwhile, 30 subjects with benign pulmonary nodules were recruited as the control group. The contents of interferon-gamma (INF-gamma), interleukin 4 (IL-4), IL-2, and IL-5 were detected using thoracoscopic technique.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>As for Th1 (INF-gamma and IL-2), it was ranked from high to low as the control group > the QSPSS group > the QYDS group (P < 0.05). As for Th2 (IL-4 and IL-5), it was ranked from high to low as the QYDS group > the QSPSS group >the control group (P < 0.05). As for Th1/Th2 (INF-gamma/lL-4, IL-2/IL-5), it was ranked from high to low as the control group > the QSPSS group >the QYDS group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Compared with the tissue of benign nodules, Th1 function in tumor tissue of BAC patients was weaker and Th2 function stronger. Chinese medical syndrome types of BAC had correlation with Th1/Th2. Patients of excess syndrome had stronger immunity with Th1/Th2 shifting left,while those of deficiency syndrome were predispose to humoral immunity with Thl/Th2 shifting right.</p>

Inhibition of liver fibrosis by IL-10 gene-modified BMSCs in a rat model / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the potential curative effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) overexpressing IL-10 for treating liver fibrosis by using a CCl4-induced rat model.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>BMSCs were cultured and marked by DAPI staining of the cells' nuclei. Meanwhile, 60 Wistar rats were treated with CCl4 to induce liver fibrosis and randomly divided into three groups: A: injected with DAPI-marked BMSCs transfected with pcDNA3.0-IL-10; B: injected with DAPI-marked BMSCs; C: injected with phosphate-buffered saline. Histological analysis of excised livers was conducted to observe BMSCs (by DAPI marker) and fibrosis (by Masson's stain). Western blotting was used to detect IL-10 expression in BMSCs. Effects on expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFa) were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and on hydroxyproline (HYP) levels were analyzed by the acid hydrolysis method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Following CCl4-inducement, rat livers showed the characteristic pathological changes of fibrosis and DAPI-marked cells (BMSCs) were observed. Compared with group C (pulmonary fibrosis score: 3.15+/-0.96; HYP level: 1.89+/-1.03 mug/mg), the extent of liver fibrosis was significantly lower in group A (pulmonary fibrosis score: 1.01+/-0.35; HYP level: 0.73+/-0.29 mug/mg) and group B (pulmonary fibrosis score: 1.34+/-0.65; HYP level: 1.21+/-0.78 mug/mg). The therapeutic effects were significantly greater in group A than group B (q=-4.73, P less than 0.05). TNFa protein expression was significantly lower in group A (275.21+/-86.35) and group B (321.76+/-98.49) than in group C (476.23+/-126.43). The TNFa expression was significantly lower in group A than group B (q=-7.43, P less than 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>IL-10 gene-modified BMSCs are effective for treating liver fibrosis in a CCl4-induced rat model.</p>

Fluid-structure interaction analysis on lubrication system of artificial hip joint / 医用生物力学

Objective To compare the method based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and fluid structure interaction (FSI) with the traditional Reynolds equation method in the study of an artificial hip joint lubrication system. Methods Using business software Adina as a computing platform, the metal-on-metal total hip replacement (MOM THR) model was developed as the subject to establish the rigid and elastic CFD model, respectively. Results The film- thickness curve obtained by the CFD&FSI method had a significant depression in the center, which was more reasonable than that obtained by the traditional Reynolds equation method. The model with elastic surface under the given load showed a significant deformation at the FSI surface of the acetabular cup femoral head, and the deformation was consistent with the pressure and film thickness distribution in fluid field. Conclusions The CFD&FSI method used here was more reasonable than the traditional method when computing the elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication of an artificial hip joint system.

Video-assisted thoracic surgery--the past, present status and the future / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

Video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) has developed very rapidly in these two decades, and has replaced conventional open thoracotomy as a standard procedure for some simple thoracic operations as well as an option or a complementary procedure for some other more complex operations. In this paper we will review its development history, the present status and the future perspectives.

Video-assisted thoracoscopic extended thymectomy for myasthenia gravis: analysis of 107 cases / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the results of video-assisted thoracoscopic extended thymectomy for myasthenia gravis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We retrospectively reviewed data from 107 patients received thoracoscopic extended thymectomy from June 1995 to June 2004. All patients had confirmed diagnosis of myasthenia gravis by clinical manifestation and electromyogram. Thoracoscopic extended thymectomy as well as dissection of all fatty tissue anterior to the pericardium was performed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>During a follow-up of 1-98 months, symptom was significantly improved in 83% of patients, including 34 patients experienced complete remission. There was no postoperative mortality.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Favorable results of video-assisted thoracoscopic extended thymectomy can be achieved in patients with myasthenia gravis. The technique is safe and minimally invasive.</p>